Friday, April 3, 2020

What is optical fiber? simplicity of using fiber optic

What is optical fiber?
The simplicity of using fiber optic communications may seem attractive. However, the testing of fiber optic cables requires understanding some basic principles that differentiate them from the testing of analog cables that preceded them.

An optical fiber consists of a very fine glass wire, surrounded by a protective plastic envelope. The light, injected into the heart of the fiberglass, follows the physical path of this fiber because of its total internal refraction between the heart and the sheath.

The three components of an optical fiber
Optical fiber is made up of:
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Core: the center of the fiber optic cable, made of specially treated glass or plastic. It is used to transmit light over the entire length of the cable and must therefore be as pure and clean as possible.
Sheath: an additional layer, made of a material similar to that of the heart, but with a lower refractive index to facilitate continuous refraction from the light source to the heart.
Coating: the outer layer of the cable which envelops, protects and insulates the core and the sheath.

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